Printing-telegraph



7 Sheets-Sheet. 1.

(No Model.)

S. R. LINVILLE 8: L. F. HETTMANSPERGER.

m: nonms PETERS co., wow-mum, wAsMwnroN, u c,

7 Sheets-Shet 2. S. R. LINVILLE 82; L. F. HETTMANSPERGEBJ.

(No Model.)

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

Patented'Apr. 21, 1891.

mea/ffwwk $4,141 In. M

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 3.

S. R. LINVILLE & L. P HETTMANSPERGER.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

n1: NORRIS versus 00., PHOTO-unit) wnsnmcvcn, a. c.

7 Sheets-Sheet 4.

(No Model.)

S. R. LINVILLE 8: L. F. HETTMANSPERGER.

PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

7 Sheets-Sheet 7.

(No Model.)

R E G R E P S N M Tm A E G PT G LN I n .I BE P I V N I L R QM No.450,630. Patented Apr. 21, 1891.

7P S N .A M T .T E H P L & E L L I V N T L PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

No. 450,630. Patented Apr. 21,1891.

2 m w] M a mg; w W F 0 W M d .A 1 Y Y m w w m" M I :1; M u 0 N 2 A 9 r 5MM n1. M

TNE mums n was co., mow-uwu, wnsmuumu, n. c.

(No Model.) 7 Sheets-Sheet 6. S. R. LINVILLE & L. P. HETTMANSPERGER.

' PRINTING TELEGRAPH.

4 A v I}. a

@WLW.

dwM I Nrrnn STATES P TENT Fries,

SAMUEL R. LIN VILLE AND LOUIS F. HETTMANSPERGER, OF PHILADELPHIA,-PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNORS TO THE KEYSTONE BATTERY AND ELECTRIC SUPPLYCOMPANY, OF CAMDEN, NEW JERSEY.

PRINTING-TELEGRAPH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 450,630, dated April21, 1891.

Application filed June 23, 1890- Serial No. 356,382. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern: trical devices employed to control thealter- Be it known that we, SAMUEL R. LINVILLE nating apparatus by meansof the keys of any and LOUIS FREDERICK HETTMANSPERGER, transmitter orreceiverconnectedinthemainboth citizens of the United States, residingat line conductor, to enable any transmitter the city of Philadelphia,in the county of to send and record impressions and messages 55Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have in page form on anyinstrument located in the invented certain new and useful Improvesingleline simultaneously with the recording ments in Printing-Telegraphs, ofwhich the of such messages on the instrument used as a following is aspecification. transmitter.

Our invention relates in general to anovel Our invention consists,first, in a print- 60 system of printing-telegraphy in which theing-telegraph system of a terminal or interinstruments are capable ofbeing operated mediate station-current alternator driven by either astransmitters or receivers by altera frictional attachment from asuitable source nating currents transmitted through a single or power,the movement and speed of which line-conductor from a source of electricenis regulated automatically by an anchor-es- 65 ergy located at aterminal station where the capement or similar device controlled byalternator and the apparatus for controlling electro-magnets respondingto alternating the same are preferably located, yet neverelectricimpulses sent to line by the alternatheless the alternator and apparatusfor contor. Both terminals of the source of elec- 2o trolling the samemaybe located in line at an tric energy are first connected with a pole-7o intermediate station instead of at the terchanger, and the currentpasses then to conminal station. The instruments have each tact-springsbearing on alternating contacts two type-wheels with characters arrangedin on the shaft of the alternator, and from which the same radial lineon the peripheries therecontact springs direct the entire current of.Each instrument looped in asinglemainthrough the alternator andpole-changer al- 7 5 line conductor through said alternator opternatelyand simultaneously to earth and to erates either as a transmitter or asa receiver line. In a conductor between one of the terwithout theemployment of hand-switches or minals and the pole-changer the coils ofa other devices for directing the current or neutral relay are located,and these are conchanging the organization of the instruments stantlycharged by a current of the same po- 80 to adapt them for use astransmitters or relarity while the alternator is in motion. The ceivers,or vice versa. The impressions are lever of the relay closes alocalcircuit through effected by means of a local battery located its frontstop and the coils of the pole-changer at each instrument. Thelocationof thelinemagnet, thereby attracting the armature of battery, thealternator, and the arresting dethe pole-changer lever in position tomain- 85 vices at a terminal station or at an intermetain a fixedpolarity in the conductors leaddiate station obviates the necessity andex ing to the alternator while the same is sendpense of alternatingdevices and a linc-bating alternating currents to line. In this con,-tery at each transmitter or receiver. dition the alternator runsautomatically and Our invention further relates to improvecontinuously,sending alternating impulses 9o ments in key-boards; in apparatus forprethrough the coils of a polarized relay for clos senting the paper inpage form from a coning the circuit of a local battery alternatelytinuous roll to the type-wheels; in circuits through the escapementelectro-magnets con: and apparatus for shifting the type-wheels;trolling the alternator. At the same time the in determining from whichtype-Wheel the alternating impulses in the line traverse the 95impression is to be made; in operating the coils of a neutraldouble-contact relay and a impression-hammer; in releasing thepaperpolarized relay located at each instrument in carriage; in unisondevices and circuits for line, and also pass through the sunflower detheprinting-instruments and the terminalor vice and key-board on eachinstrument and intermediate station, and in circuits and electhen toearth or to line. The double-contact roo neutral relay directs thecurrent of a local battery through either the printing electromagnet orboth the type-wheel shifting and printing electro-magnets located ateach instrument in-the line, and the polarized relay closes the circuitof a local battery at each instrument alternately through its respectivecontacts and the coils of two neutral electromagnets which control theescapement-armature and pallets of each transmitter or receiver. Each ofthe transmitting or receiving instruments has two type-wheels mounted ton a loose sleeve on a shaft with letters arranged in the same radialline on both type wheels. The keys are preferably arranged in transverseparallel lines across the keyboard, and are twice as many in number asthe characters on one type-wheel and similarly double the number ofcontacts on the sunflower device. lates to one type-wheel and theadjacent line of keys to the other type-Wheel. key in one line is inelectrical connection with an adjacent key in an adjacent line, and withone division of the sunflower device, in order that by the depression ofeither of the two keys the type-wheels may be arrested at the sameposition. Each alternate row of keys for one type-wheel is connected tothe line and to earth around a resistance, the other row of keys for theother type-wheel being connected to line and to earth through saidresistance and adjacent key. When a key of the former row is depressed,the line is to line or to earth.

thereby broken, and when a key in the latter row is depressed the lineto the former is interrupted and diverted through a resistance lVhilethe type-wheels are in motion the uniform alternating current passes toline and to earth. One typewheel is in such case normally in position tocause impressions to be recorded. When any of the keys relating to thistype-wheel is depressed it breaks the line-current, instantly breakingthe circuit through the coils of the neutral relay at the terminalstation. This relay breaking the local circuit through theelect-ro-magnet of the pole-changer causes it to reverse the current,and the alternator under these conditions is arrested in consequence ofa break in the line. The neutral relay contact-lever at each instrumentimpinges against its back contact and closes the printing-circuitthrough the coils of the print ing-magnet to effect an impression on thetype-Wheel normally in position. lVhen any of the keys relating to theother type-wheel are depressed, the line current is broken thereby tothe adjacent key connected therewith and directed through a resistance,which so reduces the current in the coils of the relay at the terminalstation that its armature suddenly falls back,breaking the circuitthrough the pole-changer, thereby reversing the currents in the line andcausing the alternator and the type-wheels to be arrested in consequenceof the change of polarity in a weak One line of keys re- Eachline-current. The neutral relay-leverat each instrument will now closethe printing-circuit through its front contact, first, through theshifting electro-magnet to shift the typewheels into such a positionthat the other of said wheels may be permitted to record impressions,and, secondly, near the termina-' tion of the movement of the type-wheeland by means of circuit-closing devices actuated by the lever of theshifting-magnet the printing-circuit will be closed automatically inparallel circuit through the coils of both the shifting electro-magnetand the printing electro-magnet to effect an impression from thetype-wheel. After the impression has been made an interrupter breaks thecircuits by the first forward movement of the typewheels, and aspringimmediately restores the type-wheels to their normal position.

Our invention consists, secondly, in the circuits and electrical andmechanical devices for effecting the unison of the terminal or intermediate station-alternator and the respective instruments connected incircuit therewith and for simultaneously releasing the unison devices.

Our invention consists, thirdly, in, the peculiar arrangement andorganization of the key-board, keys, contacts, and circuits foreffecting the different conditions of line-current; in the constructionof the paper-carriage and impression devices; in the electrical andmechanical devices employed; in releasing the paper-carriage at anypoint in its excursion, and in apparatus for feeding the paper and foroperating the impression-hammer.

Our invention consists, fourthly, of numerous details in electricaldevices, circuits,and mechanisms, as hereinafter fully described, andpointed out in the claims.

Telegraph-instruments such as are comprised in the present system willoperate either as transmitters or receivers without modification and maybe constructed and arranged to operate as receivers only by omitting thesunflower device and key-board, the conductor being connected to groundor to line through a polarized relay or through the electro-magnetscontrolling directly a polarized escapement armature.

The nature and particular characteristic features of our invention willbe more fully understood from the following description, taken inconnection with the accompanying drawings, forming part hereof, and inwhich- Fignre 1 is a longitudinal section of acombined transmitting andreceiving instrument embodying the particular features of our invention,showing a key-board, mechanism for rotating the type-wheel shaft, anescapemen t, sunflower device, printing mechanism, and a paper-carriage.Fig. 2 is a top or plan view of the upper portion of the housing of theinstrument, showing the tppe-wheel shaft, two type-wheels, mechanism forshifting and inking said type-wheels, a unison-latch, and a releasingdevice employed in all the instrusection, of a combined transmitter andre-- ceiver, showing the escapement, shifting and printing magnets, anddevices for advancing and releasing the paper-carriage. Fig. 4 is avertical section on the line a: as of Fig. 1, showing in detail theconstruction of a combined transmitting and receiving instrument. Fig. 5is a rear elevation of the instrument, showing the printing mechanism, atrack or rail,-a roller for guiding the paper-carriage, a bumper for atoggle-lever adapted to cause the paper to be fed between lines, and aweight for returning the paper-carriage to its normal position. Fig. 6is a rear elevation of a paper-carriage provided with two feedrollers,and showing at the left-hand side thereof the mechanism for feeding thepaper between lines. Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the printingdevices, mechanisms for releasing the paper-carriage, and theunisonlatch. Fig. 8 is an elevational view of the cams for actuating theprintinghammer. Fig. 9 is a diagrammatic view of an alternating station,showing a single-line main circuit having a polarized relay, analternator, a pole-changer, a relay, and a main battery interposedtherein, and also showing local circuits for controlling the escapement,unison devices, and pole-changer magnet. Fig. 10 is a diagrammatic viewof a transmitting-instrument, showing a key-board, resistancecoil,sunflower, pnlsator, escapement, polarized relay, a neutral relay,printing and shifting magnets, and the circuits and batteries foractuating and controlling the same. Fig. 11 is a diagrammatic view of aterminal station, showing modifications of the devices and circuits ofFig. 9, and also showing at the lower portion thereof an auxiliarybattery adapted to increase the strength of the line current at thetransmitting-instrument. Fig. 12 is a diagrammatic View of the parts ofa transmittinginstrument, showing a modified key-board, and also a relayfor effecting a short break in the line when certain keys are depressedprior to closing the line through a resistance. Fig. 13 is adiagrammatic view of a terminal station, showing a detent-magnet, analternator, a unison device, a relay, and circuits for actuating andcontrolling the same; and Fig. 14 is a similar view of the parts of atransmitting-instrument, showing devices for cutting out parts of theresistance included in the line by certain keys.

The combined transmitter and receiver consists, essentially, of a baseA, in which the keys and electrical connections with thesunflower-segments and the line are located, and which supports at itsrear end a table a, carrying the impression and feeding devices, and ontop the frame-plates a and a containing the drum a and train of gearinga, driven by a weight a for actuating the typewheel shaft 1) and theescapement and sunflower shaft 0, which are geared to one another by ashaft and miter-gearing b, so as to revolve synchronously.

The frame-plates a and a are separated by distance-plates a" and a aback plate a and glass plates a are inserted in front and on top toexclude dust and to render the internal parts of an instrumentaccessible at any time.

The type-wheel shaft 19 carries a sleeve 19 to which are secured twotype-wheels B and B, having letters and characters arranged in similarradial lines on the peripheries thereof. The sleeve 19 is free to movelongitudinally about one-fourth of an inch on the shaft b, but isprevented from turning on this shaft by a fixed cross-bar 19 secured tothe shaft Z) and carrying two pins 1), which pass neatly or snuglythrough holes in the type-wheels B and B, and on which the type-wheelsfreely slide. A spiral spring 17 attached to the cross-arm b and thetype-wheel B, permits longitudinal motion of the type-wheels andconstantly tends to rotate the type-wheels in their normal direction,thereby preventing any variation from their correct position that mightresult from enlargement of the holes through which the pins b pass.

The type-wheel B is shown in normal position for delivering impressions.

To place the type-wheel B in position to deliver impressions, a shiftingdevice is employed, which consists of the rod 0?, sliding in supportssecured to the plate a extending between the side plates (1/ and a Thisrod carries a fixed arm (1', which engages loosely in a groove b in thesleeve 6 mounted on the type-wheel shaft 1). The lever 01 of thearmatured and magnet D is pivoted at d to the side frame a and forked atits upper end -to embrace the rod cl, to which it is pivotally attached.The electro-magnetDis supported on the base A of the instrument. Whenthe magnet is energized, its armature d is attracted and the type-wheelB is shifted into the same vertical plane normally occupied by thetype-wheel B, and is immediately restored to its previous position bythe retractingspring d after the impression has been taken and thedepressed key has been released, thereby closing the line-circuit andcausing the type-wheels to again revolve. The first movement of thetype-wheel shaft breaks the local printingrircuit by means of theinterrupter k.

An ink-roller 6, bearing on the periphery of the type-wheels, freelyturns on a rod e between arms e hinged to the standards 6 The rod 6permits of the longitudinal motion of the ink-roller when movedlaterally by the type-wheels. The pressure of the ink-roller e on thetype-wheels B and B may be adjusted in any suitable manner.

The type-wheel shaft 1) carries a camf, which is adjusted thereonrelatively to the releasing-space of the type-wheels. This cam fdepresses once in each revolution the vertical rod f,,which vibrates thereleasing device hereinafter described. The type-wheel shaft 1) alsocarries a unison spirally-thread ed screw g, into the grooves of whichthe right-angular extremity g of the unison-latch g engages in awell-understood manner. The unisonlatch g is pivoted vertically andlaterally at its other extremity to a trunnion g and is soliciteddownward and laterally by the helical spring g. This latch g arrests thetypewheel shaft 1) at the unison position when the right-angularextremity of the latch g impinges against the termination of theunisonscrew. The unison-latch g is released from the screw g through theinstrumentality of the extension h of the printing magnet-lever p eachtime an impression is given or recorded, as will be hereinafter morefully described.

The sunflower-shaft c is pivotally supported in position concentricallywith the table of contacts in the sunflower G, and carries theescape-wheel i, the local-circuit-interrupting wheel 70, and an arm Z,which once in each revolution at the unison position separates theinsulating-springs Z and Z thereby interrupting at this position onlythe local circuit which is employed to energize the shiftingmagnet D.The number of teeth in the escape-wheel t' is equal to half the numberof divisions on a type-wheel B or B, one divis- 'ion for eithertype-wheel being positioned radially by each vibratory movement of theescapement-armature lever and pallets t". The armature i may be apolarized armature vibrated between the poles of electro-m agnets I byalternating line-currents or a neutral armature vibrated by the currentof a local battery closed alternately through the respectiveelectro-magnets bythe contacts of a polarized relay M included in theline-circuit.

The ratchet-wheel k for interrupting the local circuit has as manybeveled teeth as there are divisions on each of the type-wheels ,or somemultiple thereof. The right-angular lever k, pivoted at and solicited bythe helical spring W, has a beveled projection 70, which rides over thebeveled teeth of the ratchet-wheel k by the revolution of the shaft 0,causing the insulated contact-point k thereon to rapidly make and breakcontact with the fixed and insulated contact-point [2 and when the shaft0 is arrested by the pallets on t" the projection 70 of the arm 70 dropsinto one of the teeth on the interrupting-wheel 7c, permitting theinsulated contactpoints it and 70 to close the portion of the localcircuit hereinafter described.

The sunflower 0 consists of insulated contact-segments 0 equal in numberto the divisions on each type-wheel. A hub 0 insulated from the shaft 0,carries an arm 0 to which is secured a contact spring or brush 0 dividedat its extremity so as to overlap the insulating-strips c separating anytwo segments and thereby preventing any interruption of the line-circuitas the contact-spring sweeps over the segments. The line is conducted tothe hub c by means of a hub c and spring a, bearing thereon andsupported at its other extremity on an insulated bearing.

Each segment of the sunflower is connected by a conductor 10 to one ofthe springs n, which are attached to a bar of insulating material n,secured to the base n preferably made of wood, vulcanite, or othersuitable insulating material.

The keys and their contact-springs are preferably supported, as shown,by the removable key-board N; but we do not limit ourselves to thisparticular arrangement of the keys and contacts shown, since numerousmodifications of construction and arrangement of the parts for effectingthe same result may be substituted therefor. There are three transverseranges of keys, each range consisting of two rows of keys N and N withten keys in each row, making thirty keys for each typewheel andcorresponding in number with the divisions on said wheels. The first,third, and fifth transverse rows N relate to the type-wheel B, normallyin position for printing, and the second, fourth, and sixth rows Nrelate to the type-wheel B, which must be shifted into position todeliver its impression on the same line with the impression given by thetype-wheel 13. Any two adjacent keys N and N in the respective odd andeven numbered rows are so associated by their contacts and circuits asto arrest the type-wheels, by means hereinafter described, at the sameradial position; but the circuits and devices are such that when thetypewheels are arrested by the depression of a key N in the first,third, or fifth row an impression is given by the wheel B, and whenarrested by the depression of a key N in the second, fourth, or sixthrow the type-wheel B is shifted into the position to give an impressionin the position previously occupied by the type-wheel B.

The characterson the type-wheel B are presented in regular order,starting from the unison position (indicated by the first key a on theleft in the first row) as the keys are successively depressed in regularorder from left to right in each range of double rows of keysthat is,the odd rows of keys passing successively from left to right in rowswill give all the positions for the type-wheel B, and the even rows ofkeys will similarly give all the positions for the type-wheel B, twoadjacent keys, as N and N in any range indicating the same segment 0 ofthe sunflower and the same radial position of both typewheels. With thisexplanation the circuits controlled by the keys, their functions, andthe devices associated therewith will be readily understood when thecircuits are described in detail by reference to the diagram Figs. 9 tolet, and the detail connections shown in Fig. 10.

The paper-carriage 0, Figs. 1 and 6, consists of two side bars, betweenwhich are se- ICC cured the rackbar o, strut which forms the guide-railfor the paper-carriage, a bar 0 to guide the sheet of paper, and a splitbar 0 between the upper ends of the side bars 0. There are also groovedguide-bars 0 on the inner side of the side bars 0 to hold the edges ofthe sheet of paper 0. The carriage runs on two wheels 0 supported on a.track 0 secured to the rear end of the base A. Below thetrack are twosafety-wheels 0 to prevent the carriage from being derailed. The strut 0forming the upper guide-rail, bears on a single-grooved Wheel 0 which ispivot-edto a bracket 19, rising from the post p, which supports theimpression-hammer p and the lever 19 that actuates the same. Byemploying only one wheel for the guide-rail 0 the necessity of extendingthis rail beyond the side bars 0 of the paper-carriage is obviated. Thepaper-roller o,the feed-roller 0 and the pressure-roller 0 arejou rnaledin theside bars 0. The end of the feed-rollerjournal carrie'saratchet-wheel 0 in which engages the pawlo, pivotally attached to theupper end of a sliding bar- 0 moving in a guide 0 fastened to thesidebaro. The lower end of the sliding baro is hinged at 0 to one arm ofatoggle-lever 0 the other arm of which is hinged to the side bar at 0 Aspring 0 maintains the pawl 0 in contact with the ratchet-wheel 0 and ahelical spring 0 draws back the sliding bar 0 and thereby deflects thetoggle-lever 0 \Vhen the paper-carriage is released, as hereinafterdescribed, a cord 0 solicited by a weight 0 causes the carriage to runbackward, and when it nears the end of its excursion the deflectedtoggle-levers 0 strike against a fixed arm 0 causing the togglelevers toassume a nearly vertical position, thereby forcing the sliding bar 0upward, and by means of the pawl 0 revolving the ratchet-wheel 0 and thefeed-roller 0 so as to feed the paper the space between two lines ofprinting. The toggle-jointed levers possess many advantages over cams orinclined ways for effecting this result, since the power exerted by thetoggle-jointed levers increases as the momentum. of the paper-carriagediminishes.

The magnet P, by which the paper-carriage and the impression andreleasing devices are controlled, is attached to the table A, Figs. 1,

3, 5, and 7. Its armature p is attached to the lever p turning ontrunnions p, pivoted in the table A and the bracket 19 The lever 19carries at its extremity a pawl 19 with a spring 19 which causes thepawl 19 to engage with the teeth of the rack 0'. hen the magnet P isenergized, the armature p is attracted and the pawl 19 engages a toothof the rack 0', and when the local circuit through the magnet is brokenthe retracting-spring p causes the lever 19 to move the paper-carriageforward one notch to space between letters of the printing. The carriageis prevented from taking a retrograde movement by a detent p, when theelectro-magnet p attracts its armature. To a post 19, supported by thetable A, is secured a horizontal pipe 19 through which the rod 19carrying the printing-hammer 13 is guided. The rod is surrounded by ahelical spring 19 which causes the return movement of the rod 19. In abracket 19, attached to the post p, alever 193 is pivoted, forked at itsupper end to engage the rod p and having at its lower end areciprocating pawl 19, pivoted thereto and arranged so that the rearextremity p of the pawl plays between shoulders. Another similarreciprocating pawl p is arranged so as to be held rigidly bya spring pagainsta shoulder 19 during the downward motion of an arm p attached tothe rock-shaft p turning in supports 13 Another arm 19 on the samerock-shaft is connected by a link 19 to the lever 13 When theelectro-magnet P is energized, the lever 13 rocks the shaft 19 and thepawl 19 strikes and passes the pawl 19, causing a movement of the forkedlever p and thereby effecting a quick blow of the printing-hammer 23which instantly recoils by the action of the helical spring 19 on therod p When the local circuit through the electro-magnet P isinterrupted, the lever 19. recoils, rocking the shaft 10 in a reversedirection, whereupon the reciprocating pawls, being pivoted and free torevolve during the return movement, pass one another and are again in aposition to engage by means of the spring 19 attachedto the pawl 13,when the magnet P is energized.

The mechanism for releasing the paper carriage at any point in itsexcursion will now be described. A camf, (see Fig. 7,) .secured to thetype-wheel shaft 1), once in each revo lution of the shaft strikes anddepresses a rod f, sliding freely and vertically in guides attached tothe rear plate a of the frame-work of the instrument. This rod f abutsagainst the shorter arm of the leverf pivoted by the trunnion f tosupports secured to the plate 0. The longer arm of the lever f carriesat its extremity a link f, supporting a strut f one end of which risesinto the path of a projection f, fixed to the under side of the lever pand falls clear of the same each time the cam f on the type-wheelshaft 1) passes over the rod f. The other end of the strut f isconnected by a universal joint to the short arm of the bell-crank leverfpivoted by a stud screw to a table a. The long arm of this bell-cranklever f bears against the short arm f of a bent lever f also pivoted bya stud-screw to the table a, and the extremity of this lever terminatesin a crossarm in which are fixed two pins f and j, which engage the pawl13 and the detentp. These pins are held out of contact with the pawl anddetent by the springf Akeyn called the releasing-key, is connected by aconductor to a division of the sunflower de vice indicatinga blankdivision on both type wheels, and the cam f is so adjusted on thetype-wheel shaft 1) that when the type-wheels are arrested by thedepression of the key it" the cam f hangs vertically and stops directlyover the sliding rod f, slightly depressing the same. This causes thelever f to lift and firmly hold the strut f in the path of theprojectionf, and since the electro-magnet P is now energized by the circuits to bedescribed its armature g is attracted, causing the projection f on thelever to collide with the strut-f thereby actuating the bell-crankleverf and curved lever f. The pins f and f consequently disengage thepawl p and the detent p from the rack o and retain them in this positionwhile the key a" is depressed, permitting the paper-carriages of all theinstruments looped in the line to return to their initial position bythe weight from any point in their excursion, thus enabling any operatoron a long line in which numerous instruments may be included tosimultaneously bring the paper-carriages of all the instruments tounison from any point in the excursion of the carriages O. This resultcannot be effected by an automatic releasing-device, such as heretoforeemployed.

A description of the electric circuits and devices included therein willnow be given. The line-battery Q, Fig. 9, may be any suitable source ofelectric energy located at a. terminal station and with transmitting andreceiving instruments looped in the line at intermediate points. Alltheapparatus for alternating the currents of the battery through the lineand for arresting the alternator is preferably located at the stationwith the line-battery, and this station may be at any point in the lineand connected to earth. From one electrode-say the positive-of thelinebatj tery a conductor 1 is connected to the coils of a relay U, andfrom the same a conductor 2 is led to one contact-spring t; of apole-changer 1 The other electrode is connected by a con- 1 V. ductor 3directly to the other contact-spring o of the pole-changer V. From thetwo back contacts 71 and Q2 electrically connected, a conductor 4 is ledto the two contact-springs t and 25 of the alternator T, and from thelever 17 of the pole-changer V another conductor 5 is connected to thetwo contact-springs t and t of said alternator T. The line-spring t andearth-spring t bear upon hubs t and t electrically connected with diskscomprising alternate contacts and insulations. The two inner springs 25'and t bear on alternate contacts and insulations on the disks t and tand these contacts and insulations alternate with those on the disks tand i and are in electrical connection each with the adjacent outerdisks t and 25 but insulated from one 1 another by the disks 25 ofinsulating material. 1

It is evident, therefore, that as the disks revolve, presentingalternately two contacts on the outer disks and two contacts on theinner disks to their respective contact-springs, the direction of thecurrent from the line-battery will be alternately to line and to earth.Nhen the alternator in the line is at an intermediate station, theearth-spring t is connected with a line running in an opposite directionto the line connected with the spring 15", and the same effects arethereby produced as when the alternator T is located, as illustrated inFig. 9, in the line at the terminal station. The current in the linepasses by the conductor 6 to'the coils of a polarized relay NV, throughthe same, and then by the line 7. The relay U closes, through its frontcontact LL and through the coils of the pole-changer magnet V, thecircuit of the local battery q, and through its back contact to thecoils of the unison-magnet S and the circuit 20 and 21 of the same localbattery. The polarized relay W closes by one contact to the circuit 23and 24 of alocal battery q through the coils of the escapement magnet R,and by its other contact to the circuit 25 and 24: of the same localbattery q and through the coils of the escapement-magnet R. As thecurrents in the line alternate, the armature r of the escapement-magnetsR and R vibrates, thereby actuating the pallets 0" between the teeth rof the escape-wheel r on the shaft r of the alternator T withoutarresting said shaft. The armature 0" will continue to vibrateautomatically as long as alternating currents are maintained in theline, but as soon as the circuit of the pole-changer magnet V is brokenat the front contact a of the relay U the pole-changer armature v leavesthe poles of said magnet and its lever falls away reversing thedirection of the current to the alternator and to line. This arrests thevibration of the armature r of the escapement magnets R and R, and oneorthe other of the pallets 9* contacts with a tooth in the escape-wheelr \Vhen the alternator T is arrested, the levers of all the polarizedrelays at the respective instruments in line are also arrested, and allthe type-wheels of such instruments are consequently arrested in unisonat the letter indicated by the key depressed at the transmitter, and therelaytongue n breaks from its front contact, whether a key breaking theline or a key closing the line circuitthrough a resistance is depressed,or whether the latter key causes the IIO line to be interrupted for avery short interval before closing the line through a resistance. Theline-circuit passes from the polarized relay XV by the conductor 7through the coils of a neutral relay X with front and back contacts .90and so, then by a conductor 8 to a polarized relay AI through the coilsof its magnet by the conductor 9 to the sunflowerbrush 0 and from theinsulated hub 0 through the arm 0 and brush 0 to the contacts 0 as thebrush 0 sweeps over the same. The polarized relay M closes the circuitof a local battery g through the escapement-magnetl by its tongue in andcontact m, and through the escapement-magnet I by its tongue m and thecontact m. Each contact c of the The spring a connects with theinsulated contactpiece a, with which the spring or on a key N in an evenrow of keys contacts. The spring a on the opposite side of this key N iselectrically connected with the spring 72 and the course of the currentis through these springs n and n to the insulated contact of. The springa on an adjacent key N, in an odd-numbered row of keys, is in the samecircuit, and the spring a contacts with the insulated contact 01 and theopposite end of the spring a contacts with a bar-conductor a", which isconnected by the conduciorl 1 to earth when one transmitter-only is inline, but to line and the other transmitters when morethat one is inline and then to earth. When a key N is depressed, the springs a and abreak contact and thereby interrupt the line when the sunflower-brush 0*contacts with the segment 0, connected electrically with the keydepressed. The conductors 12 are connected to the contact-pieces n andthe springs 12 which when depressed contact with a bar n connected bythe conductor 13 to a resistance R and then by the conductor 14 toearth. It follows that when a key in an even-numbered row of keys isdepressed it breaks the line to the odd-numbered row, and at the sametime the circuit of the line is closed through the resistence R when thesunflower-brush 0 contacts with the segment 0 connected electricallywith this key. To prevent the current passing from the springs a back toline through other ranges of keys, said springs are insulated from oneanother and an insulation on the lower end of the key N presses on thespring a until contact is made with the conductor-bar n hen a key isreleased, the uniform line-current acts to attract the armature of therelay U at the terminal station, and the'instruments run with a fullcurrent until another key is depressed. In operating the keys N and N itis necessary for rapid work to press each succeeding key before the lastone pressed is released,otherwise the type-wheels of all the instrumentswill run to unison and be arrested in that position.

The operation of printing is as follows: All the instruments being atunison with one another and with the alternator T, and held by theunison-latches g the unison-key n is depressed by the operator at anyinstrument in line. This breaks the line-circuit through the coils ofthe relay U, whereupon its lever 10 breaks at its front contact a thelocal circuit 20 through the pole-changer magnet V, and closes at itsback contact a the local circuit of the battery q through theunison-magnet S, which consequently attracts its armature s, and by therod 5 releases the unison-latch s of the alternator T, while at the sametime the detent s on the lever 8 holds the alternatorshaft 0 in thisposition as long as the unisonkey 01, remains depressed. Instead ofclosing the local circuit of the battery (1 through the back contact toof the relay U, the cirlever 00 of the relay X, then through its backvstop :0 by the conductor 30, to the coils of the printing-magnet P, andthe conductor 31 to the other electrode of the battery. On theextremityof the lever p of the printing-magnet P an arm h is fixed,which extends into the instrument, Figs. 3 tacts with a bell-crank leverh, pivotally attached to the rear plate a of the instrument. Thisbell-crank h supports a vertical rod 7L2, moving freely in guidesattached to the rear plate a, and abuts against the under side of theunison-latch 9 When the circuit last described is closed, the armature pis attracted and the bar 7t on the end of the lever 19 strikes one armof the bell-crank lever h and the rod 712, and consequently releases theunison -latch g simultaneously with the release of the latch s at thealternator'l. The operator now depresses a key Nsay in the odd-numberedrange relating to the type-wheel B-and releases the unison-key n,whereupon, the line-circuit 7 being closed, alternating pulsations causethe type-wheels B and B to rotate rapidly until the sun flower-brush 0contacts with abrokenline segment celectrioally connect-ed with the keydepressed, the projection k of the interrupter-arm 7; again drops into anotch in its ratchet-wheel 7r, closing the insulated contacts. k and 7c,and the relay-tongue 00 falls against the back-stop at, thereby closingthe circuit last described. The armature 13 being attracted, the lever19 of the printingmagnet P is drawn forward, causing the reciprocatingpawls p and 19 to collide and pass one another, as previously described,thereby effecting a sudden blow of the printing-hammer 19 against thepaper 0 which causes an impression of the character presented on thetype-wheel by the key depressed. The pawl p also engages with anothertooth of the rack o. WVhen the local circuit is interrupted at the relayX, in consequence of the release of this key, the line is closed, Thetype-wheels consequentlybegin to revolve and the circuit of the batteryg through the printing-magnet P, is broken at the contacts 10 and 7c oftheinterrupter 70'. The retracting-spring p moves the lever 19 thuscausing the carriage O to advance one step to space between letters ofthe printing, and at the same time by the intervention of the bar 11 androck-shaft p the reciprocating pawls p and 19 pass one another in themanner hereinbefore described and are in a position to repeat theoperation. If a key N in an even-numbered row be depressed, the

and 7, Where it con-.

IOC

relay U at the terminal or intermediate statron again breaks theline-current atits front contact 21,, and also causes the unison-latch sto be lifted, (a result which must occurat the impression of everylctterf) and the alternator T, and consequently the type-wheels B and B,of allinstruments in line are arrested at the indicated position. rentin line, and the neutral relay-lever contacts with its front stop 1:closing the circuit of the printing local battery from one electrode bythe conductor 28 to the insulated contact 7& and 7& of the interrupterthen by the conductor 29 to the lever of the relay X, then from itsfront contact by the conductor 32 to the insulated spring Z of theunison cut-out L, (normally closed except at the unison position,) thenfrom the other spring Z of the cut-out L by the conductor to theinsulated arm d" on the trunnion d of the lever 61 of theshifting-magnet D. This magnet D is of much greater resistancethan theprinting-magnet P. The insulated arm d is in electrical contact with aninsulated spring d which completes the circuit by the conductor 3a to aresistance R and to the coils of the shifting-1nagnet D, and then by theconductors 35 and 31 to the other electrode of the battery g Just beforethe shiftinglever d has completed its full stroke the arm (Z contactsalso with the insulated spring d which closes the circuit in parallelthrough the coils of the printing-magnet Pby the condoctors 36 and 31 tothe last-named electrode of the battery. The printing-magnet P, being oflower resistance than the magnet D. takes the stronger portion of thedivided current to effect the printing, as previously described, whilethe portion through the coils of the shifting-magnet D is stillsufficient, when the armature d is near the poles of the magnet D, tohold the type-wheel B in position to deliver the impression on the sameline with the impression previously given by the type-wheel B. Two orthree impressions can evidently be taken alternately at the sameposition of the type-wheels by alternately pressing and releasing twokeys connected electrically to the same segment of the sunflower, thekeys, respectively, causing a break oraweak current throughtheline. Thealternator T cannot move until a full current sufficient to actuate therelay U at the terminal or intermediate station passes over the t line,and this cannot occur with alternate;

breaks and resistance in line; but the neutral relay X, which controlsthe type-wheel shifting and printing devices, will respond to breaks andto weak currents in line. The complete circuits of a system embracing arelay U, pole-changer V, alternator T, automatic escapements R and R,and unison devices S and 3, located at a terminal station, as shown inFig. 9, and operating with equal efficiency at any intermediate stationof a line with both terminals of the line to earth There is now a weakcur- .ten tmagnet Z have been fully described.

in carrying our invention into effect we do not wish to limit ourselves,however, to the employment of all of the devices and apparatusillustrated in Figs. 9 and 10. The alternator T may be a mechanically ormagnetically actuated pole-changer.

in Fig. ll we have shown a pole-changer with its magnet V, the localcircuit of which is closed and broken by a rheotome T on the shaft r Arelay U is employed, as in Fig. 9, which closes at its front contact athe circuit of a local battery q, through the coils of a de- The relay Ubreaks the circuit at its front contact a, when the line is broken orwhen the resistance is introduced by the keys of a transmitter, and thecircuit through the electro-magnct Z is thereupon interrupted. Thedetent-lever z, solicited by its retracting-spring 5 engages a tooth ofthe ratchet-wheel .5 on the regularly-speeded shaft r, driven byfrictional contact with a pulley r actuated by any suitable power, andthe shaft r rheotome T, and polechanger V are.consequently arrested. Theback contact it of the relay U closes the local circuit of the battery qthrough the coils of the unison magnet S, as hereinbefore described.

ln Fig. 11 one electrode of the line-battery Q is connected through thecoils of the relaymagnet U to a contact-spring r of the polechanger V.The other electrode is connected to the contact c. The contacts o and rare connected to earth, and the lever v is connected with the line 7.hen the line-circuit is closed, the armature of the lever a isattracted, closing by the front contact 10 the local circuit of thebattery (1 through the coils of the detent-magnet Z The armature of thedetent-magnet Z is consequently attracted, thereby retaining thedetent-leverz' out of contact with the ratchet-wheel .2, and the shaft rand rheotome T revolve continuously at uniform speeds. The circuit of alocal battery (1 is closed and broken successively by the. rheotome Tthrough the pole-changer magnet V, causing rapid vibrations of the leveru", and consequently rapid alternating currents from the battery Q aresent to line. Nhen a key at anytransmitter is depressed, the relay Ubreaks the circuit of the battery q through the detent-magnet Z and thelever z, and consequently arrests the ratchet-wheel .2 and the rheotomeT. The rheotome T being arrested the vibration of the lever t' is alsoarrested when a current of one polarity is passing to line, and theprinting is effected as previously described. In order to re-enforce theline-current after the alternating devices have been arrested byincluding a resistance in the line at any transmitter, as hereinbeforedescribed, in Fig. 11 has been illustrated an auxiliary battery Q, oneelectrode of which is connected to the contact-lever M8 of the relay U,and through the contact a to one of the springs 'v', and the otherelectrode is connected directly to duced by the introducing of aresistance at any transmitter the lever u falls against its contact 11thereby closing the circuit of the battery Q to line in parallel withthe circuit of the battery Q.

The circuits illustrated in Fig. 12 are similar to those shown in Fig.10, with this eX- ception, that the polarized relay H and thealternating currents in the line.

A detent may be employed with the rotating alternator of Fig. 13 or thevibrating polechanger of Fig. 11, and the relay U, Fig. 11, or relay Uof Fig. 13 may be omitted, provided the coils of the detent-magnet Z beincluded in the conductor of one polarity between one of the electrodesof the line-bat-' tery and the pole-changer. In this case a back contactmust be provided for the lever of the detent-z to close the circuit of alocal battery (1 through the coils of the unisonmagnet S in awell-understood manner to those skilled in electrical science.

It is a wellknown fact that a relay-armature will fall from the poles ofa magnet and interrupt the circuit much quicker when there is a completebreak of the line-circuit through the coils'of the magnet than when ahigh resistance is introduced into the line. Ive take advantage of thisin order to attain greater rapidity of operation by'including the coilsof a relay Y, Fig. 12, in the conductor 11 between the line-contact bar11 of the odd-numbered rows of keys N at each transmitter in the line orto earth. The conductor from the bar n leading to the resistance R, iscarried to the lever y of the relay Y, and through its back contact 3and by the conductor 13 to the resistance R and then by the conductor 14back to line. Since the instruments operate by closed circuits and thiscircuit to line is always broken when any key is depressed and the brush0 of Fig. 12 contacts with a segment 0 of the sunflower electricallyc011- nected with the depressed key, there will be a break in the lineof very short duration, followed by the introduction of a resistance Rinto the line every time a key N is depressed. During this very shortinterval the armature of the relay U, connected with the conductor nearthe electrode of the line-battery Q, will fall away and the line-currentreduced by the interposed resistance R will not be of suflicientstrength to cause the magnets of the relay U to overcome theretracting-spring a. By these devices we attain rapidity and absolutecertainty of action in arresting the alternator T.

In Fig. 13 is shown a revolving alternator Twith a detent similar tothat previously described in connection with Fig. 11. In Fig. 13 theelectrodes of the line-battery Q are connected to the four interiorsprings of the alternator, as hereinbeforedescribed. One

outside spring connects with the line 7 and the other outside spring isconnected to earth in a similar manner, as is illustrated in Fig. 9. Therelay U is included in the conductor between one of the electrodes ofthe. battery Q and the alternator T and is consequently traversed bycurrents of one polarity only. hen the line current is interrupted orgreatly reduced by interposi'ng a resistance at any transmitter, therelay U breaks at its front contact to the circuit of the local batteryq through the detent-magnet Z and the alternator T is arrested, ashereiubefore described. Q

In order to re-enforce the current on long lines when the resistance RFig. 14:, is thrown into line, a relay Y is inserted in the circuit ofthe line from the contact-barn by the conductorll to the coils of therelayY and then by the line 14E to earth or to line. WVhen a key N isdepressed, the circuit to the contactbar n is broken and the circuit ofa shuntline is closed by the spring 11 contact-bar 91 spring 11 and barn through the resistance R to earth or to line. The break of circuitthrough the relay-magnet Y causes the lever y to contact with its backcontact y, thereby closing a branch circuit 17 and 18 through the levery and the contact y. This circuit cuts out part of the resistance Rthereby increasing the current in the line and thereby insuring greatercertainty of action of the neutral relay X.

\Ve are aware that a magnetic detent ha been employed at a centralstation to arrest a shaft controlled by power frictionally connected andcarrying an alternator when the coils of the magnets controlling thedetent were included in the circuit of a local battery. The circuit ofthis battery was closed by a sunflower device when a segment of thesunflower was connected by a conductor to a key of a transmitter bywhich, when the key was depressed, another break in the local cirouitwas closed, causing the detent magnet to by distant transmittersoperating through a sin gle-line circuit.

Having thus described the nature and objects of our invention, What weclaim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand electrical and mechanical devices located at a station foralternating the polarity of the current in a 1 single line,transmittingand receiving instruments looped in the line, and eachinstrument provided with type-wheels, means at said station forarresting the alternating devices responding to different conditions ofcurrent, keys in any transmitter, type-Wheel shifting and impressiondevices, and mechanical and electrical devices respondingat eachinstrument to a break or weak current in the line caused by thedepression of any key of saidtransmitter to effect the arrest of thetype-wheels at a position to present the character as indicated by thedepressed key to the impression device.

2. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,asingle line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at a station.operating to alternate the polarity of the current in said line,transmitting and receiving instruments looped therein and each havingtwo type-wheels, a relay at said station in a portion of one of theconductors between one of the electrodes and the alternator, arrestingdevices located at said station in a local battery-circuit andcontrolled by said relay in consequence of the varying conditions ofcurrent effected either by the interposition of a resistance or bybreaking the line by the depression of a key of a transmitter and havingsuch relation to said keys of the transmitter that the alternatingdevices at said station and the type-wheels of all the instrumentsconnected in line move in unison, and mechanical and electrical devicescontrolled by a double-contact neutral relay at the transmitting andreceiving instruments responding to varying conditions in the line tocause a type-wheel of each instrument to assume a position to permit ofan impression being effected.

3. In a printing-telegraph system, a source of electric energy at astation, a single line, a current-alternator driven by suitable powerand controlled by a polar-escapement device, the electrodes connected tocontact-springs of said alternator, a relay interposed between thesource of electric energy and said alternator, a pole-changer with itscontacts connected to said electrodes and to the contactsprings of thealternator, a magnet controlling the pole-changer included in thecircuit of a local battery closed through one of the stops of saidrelay, transmitting and receiving instruments connected in saidline-circuit, polarized relays in said line-circuit located at theinstruments and controlling escapement devices and type-Wheels by alocal batterycircuit, the transmitters having keys to interposeresistance in said lines, keys to break said lines when a key isdepressed and operating to cause the relay at said station to break thelocal circuit of the pole-changer magnet, thereby reversing thedirection of current in the line and simultaneously arrest ing thealternator at said station and the type- Wheels of all the instrumentsincluded in said line.

4. A sipgle-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, electricaland mechanical devices located at a stationfor alternating the direction of the current in line, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument providedwith type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternatingdevices responding to'different conditions of current in the linebattery-circuit effected by interposing resistance through keys and bybreaking the line by the depression of keys in any transmitter, anauxiliary battery at said station, and means for including the same inline for strengthening the current thereof.

5. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, electrical and mechanical devices located at a stationfor alternating the polarity of the current in line, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument providedwith type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternatingdevices and responding to different conditions of current in ,said lineeffected byinterposing resistance through keys and by breaking the lineby the depression of keys in any transmitter, an auxiliary battery atsaid station in connection With said source of electric energy, and arelay at said alternating station for introducing said auxiliary batteryinto said line for strengthening the current thereof.

t3. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energyand electrical and mechanical devices located at astation for alternating thedirection of the current in said line, anauxiliary battery connected with said alternating devices forstrengthening the current in said line, transmitting and receivinginstruments looped therein and each provided with type-wheels, means forarresting the alternating devices responding to different conditions ofcurrent in the line, keys for interposing resistance and breaking theline, type-Wheel-arresting devices adapted to permit of the type-wheelsbeing simultaneously arrested at the character indicated by thedepression of a key, and mechanical and electrical devices responding ateach instrument to a break in the line or to a weak current in the lineproduced by the depression of any of said keys to cause a character onsaid type-Wheels to be impressed therefrom simultaneously on allinstruments included in said line.

7. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,electrical and me chanical devices, a single-line circuit, alternatingdevices at a station for alternating the direction of currents ofsaidline, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped therein andprovided with two type-wheels, means for arresting the alternatingdevices and responding to different conditions of currents in the line,resistance-keys and keys for breaking said line, arresting devicesadapted to permit of the type-wheels of said instruments beingsimultaneously arrested at a character indicated through the depressionof a key, and mechanical and electrical devices to cause a character on.said type-wheels to be impressed therefrom simultaneously on allinstruments in said line.

8. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, asingle line, electrical and mechanical devices located at an alternatingstation, transmitting and receiving instruments provided with two ormore type-wheels looped in said line, means at said alternating stationfor arresting the devices located thereat and responding to differentconditions of currentin theline effected by interposin g resistancetherein, keys at the transmitter for breaking the line, and mechanicaland electrical devices responding at each instrument to abreak in theline or a Weak current in the line to cause a character on thetype-wheels to be simultaneously recorded on sheets of paper on all theinstruments looped in said line.

9. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand electrical and mechanical devices located at a station foralternating the direction of current in a single line, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped in said line and each instrument providedwith type-wheels, means at said station for arresting the alternatingdevices, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said line, anda relay located at any transmitting-instrument for cutting out a portionof said resistance.

. 10. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electricenergy, a single-line circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, analternating station, transmitting and receiving instruments providedwith two type-wheels and looped in said circuit, keysfor interposingresistance and forbreaking said line, and neutral relays included insaid circuit at the transmitting and receiving instruments.

11. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternatingstation, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said circuitsand provided With two type-wheels, keys for interposing resistance andfor breaking said line, and neutral and polar relaysincluded in saidcircuit at the transmitting and receiving instruments and controlling,respectively, the printing mechanism and type-wheels of the instruments.

12. Aprinting-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, asingle-line conductor, electrical and mechanical devices, al-

ternating devices at a station for alternating the direction of thecurrent in said line, a relay included in said line for arresting saidalternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments looped insaid line, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking said' line,and magnetic devices in said line at the transmitting and receivinginstruments for closing local batterycircuits through theprinting-magnets of said instruments.

13. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a single-line conductor, electrical and mechanical devices, alternatingdevices at a station for alternating the direction of the current insaid conductor, a relay included in said circuit to cause the arrest ofsaid alternating devices, transmitting and receiving instruments loopedin said circuit, keys for interposing resistance and for breaking saidconductor, and a magnetic device included in said line conductor at thetransmitting and receiving instruments for closing local circuits inparallel through the shifting and printing magnets of said instruments.

14. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a single-line circuit, electrical and mechanical devices at a station insaid line for alternating the currents therein, arresting devices atsaid station, magnetic devices in said instruments operating by uniformalternating currents, resistances at said instruments, and keys thereinoperating to interpose said resistances in and to break said line.

15. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a source ofelectric energy, a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, analternator at a station, transmitting and receiving instruments loopedin said circuit and each provided With two type-Wheels operating byuniform alternating currents, keys for interposing resistance andbreaking said circuit, and a relay at any transmitting-instrument forcutting out a portion of said resistance.

16. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a terminalstation for alternating the direction of the current in asingleline,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, detentand unison magnets at the terminal station included in said line forarresting the alternating devices, a relay responding to differentconditions of current in said line, resistances at thetransmitting-instrum cuts, a relay located in said line at eachtransmitting-instrument for short-circuitin g a portion of theresistance, and tWo series of keys for controlling said line-circuit.

17. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a circuit, electrical and mechanical devices, an alternatin g station,transmitting andreceivinginstruments looped in said circuit, adetent-magnet at said alternating station, a relay respond- ITO ing todifferent conditions of current in said circuit, resistances at all ofsaid instruments, and keys for controlling said line-circuit.

18. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a stationin said circuit for alternating the current in said line, a localbattery-circuitat said station, a unison magnet included in said localcircuit, transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said linecircuit, a relay-magnet responding to varyingconditions of current insaid line, and a resistance adapted to be interposed at anytransmitting-instrument by one of two series of keys in eachtransmitting-instrument.

19. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a stationin said line-circuit for alternating the direction of current in saidcircuit, means for arresting the alternating devices at said station,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit, arelay-magnet responding to different conditions of current in saidline-circuit, a resistance at each transmitting-instrun1ent, and keysfor including said resistance in and for breaking said line.

20. Aprinting-telegraph system com prising a source of electric energy,a circuit, electrical andmechanical devices, a station for alternatingthe direction of current in said circuit, transmitting and receivinginstruments, means for arresting the devices at said station, keys forinterposing resistance and breaking said circuit, a neutral relayresponding to different conditions of current in said circuit at saidinstruments, and a relay for cutting out a portion of said resistance.

21. Aprinting-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, asingle line, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station foralternating the direction of current in said line, a relay at saidstation responding to breaks and changes of intensity of the current, arelay at the transmitting-instrument for producing short instantaneousbreaks, followed by the introduction of resistances in said line, and arow of keys for controlling said relay and line.

22. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energyand line-circuit, electrical and mechanical devices located at a stationfor alternating the current in said line-circuit, polarized escapementand unison devices at said station for said alternating devices,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit, arelay at said transmitters for causing short breaks of circuit and forintroducing resistance in said circuit, and keys in said transmittersfor controlling said relay and circuit.

23. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electricalenergy, a single line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at astation for alternating the current in said line, transmitting andreceiving instruments looped in said line, a relay located in said lineat said station, local battery-circuits controlled by said relay,arresting devices included in one of said local circuits, and keys insaid transmitting-instruments for controlling said line.

A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, asingle line, electrical and mechanical devices located at a station foralternating thecurrent in said line, transmitting and receivinginstruments looped in said line, detent and unison devices at saidstation for arresting the alternating devices thereat, a relay at saidstation responding to different conditions of current in said line,resistances at a transmitting-instrument, means for including saidresistance in said line, a neutral relay and local battery, and circuitscontrolled by said relay.

A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy, asingle line, electrical and mechanical devices at a station foralternating the current in said line, transmitting and'receivinginstruments looped in said line,detent and unison devices controlled bya relay at said station and responding to different conditions ofcurrent in said line, and two series of keys at atransmitting-instrument for controlling said line.

26. A printing-telegraph system comprising a source of electric energy,a single line, elec trical and mechanical devices located at a stationfor alternating the direction of current in said line, a relay locatedin line at said station, local batteries and circuits at said stationcontrolled by said relay, arresting devices included in one of saidlocal circuits, alternating devices controlled by a magnet included inthe other of said local circuits, and receiving and transmittinginstruments looped in said line.

27. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line batterycircuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device locatedat a station, a relay-magnet included in said circuit, a localbattery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer magnet andthe front contact of said relay by the breaking of said linebattery-circuit or by the weakening of the current through resistancesinterposed in said circuit to cause said relay to interrupt said localcircuit through said pole changer, thereby arresting said alternator byreversing the direction of the current to line and to earth.

A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line batterycircuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device in saidcircuit at a station, a relay included in said battery-circuit,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line, a localbatter -circuit closed through the coils of the pole-changer magnet andthrough one of the contacts of said relay by the breaking of the line orby the weakening of the current through resistances included in saidcircuit to cause said relay to interrupt said local circuit through saidpole-changer magnet to arrest said alternating device by the reversal ofthe direction of the current to line and to earth, and two series ofkeys in each transmitting-instrument for controlling said line- Ycircuit.

29. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a line batterycircuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device in saidcircuit at a terminal station, a relaymagnet included in saidbattery-circuit, a local battery -circuit closed through the coils ofsaid pole-changer magnet and front contact of said relay by the breakingof the.

line or by the weakening of the current through the interposition ofresistance in said circuit to cause said relay to interrupt the localcircuit through said pole-changer, thereby arresting said alternator byreversing the polarity of the current to line and to earth, a-

unison magnet included in said local batterycircuit closed through theback contact of a said relay and adapted to release the unison latch andto maintain the alternating device in a fixed position.

30. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a linebattery-circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternatingsubstantially as described, located at said station, a pole-changer andmagnet, a relay included in said circuit and controlling saidpole-changer, a local battery-circuit closed through the coils of saidpole-changer magnet, transmitting and receiving instruments, detent andunison magnets included in said local battery-circuit at said station,and keys for controlling said line battery-circuit.

32. A single-line printing-telegraph system.

comprising an alternating station, a batterycircuit, electrical andmechanical devices located at saidstation, a pole-changer and magnet, arelay included in said circuit and controlling said pole-changer, alocal battery closed through the coils of said pole-changerl magnet,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said line-circuit,detent andl unison magnetsincluded in a local battery circuit at saidstation, neutral relays included in said line battery-circuit at saidinstruments, and keys for controlling said line-cir- .cuit.

S3. A single line printing-telegraph system comprising a battery andcircuit, a polechanger and magnet, a current-alternating device and arelay-magnet included in said circuit, a local battery-circuit closedthrough the coils of said pole-changer magnet and the one contact ofsaid relay, resistances to reduce the current of said line-batterythrough said circuit, a pole-changer to reverse the direction of currentin said circuit, and a magnetic escapement device included in said linebattery-circuit for arresting and releasing said alternating device. a3%. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising acurrent-alternating device located at a station, a line battery-circuit,a relay-magnet included in said battery-circuit, a local battery-circuitand means included therein adapted to arrest said alternating devices,transmitting and receiving instruments looped in said linebattery-circuit, resistance devices connected with said instruments andadapted to include the same in said circuit, a magnetic escapementdevice for arresting the type-Wheels of said transmitting and receivinginstruments, and keys for controlling the line battery-current throughsaid instruments and said current-alternating devices.

35. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a linebatterycircuit, a poiechanger magnet, a rheotome, and a relay-magnetincluded in said battery-circuit atastation for alternating the currentin said circuit, a local battery-circuit at said station closed throughthe coils of said pole-changer magnet and said rheotome, a detent-magnetincluded in a local circuit at said station, re-

sistances included in said line battery-circuit to control said relayand detent magnet through said local circuit and to arrest saidpole-changer, a unison electro magnet included in said local circuit,transmitting and receiving instruments included in said linebattery-circuit, and keys at the transmittinginstruments to control thecurrent of said line battery-circuit.

36. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a linebattery-circuit, a polechanger and a relay included in saidbatterycircuit, a rheotome and a pole-changer magnet, a localbattery-circuit closed through I said magnet by said rheotome, adouble-contact relay in said line battery-circuit, a detent-- magnet anda unison magnet included in a second local circuit closed through thestops of said relay, transmitting and receiving instruments looped insaid line battery-circuit, resistances to control the current in saidline battery-circuit and arrest the vibrations of said pole-changer,audkeys at said transmitting-instruments for including said resistances inor interrupting said line-circuit.

37. A single-line printing-telegraph system comprising a linebattery-circuit, a polechanger and magnet, a rheoton'le, a localbatattery-circuit closed through the coils of said pole-changer andthrough said rheotome, a relay-magnet in said line and adapted to closea second local battery-circuit through the front stop of said relay anda detent-magnet, annison magnet included in said local battery-cir- IIO

